Robust hash-based image watermarking with resistance to geometric distortions and watermark-estimation attack

Digital watermarking provides a feasible way for copyright protection of multimedia. The major disadvantage of the existing methods is their poor resistance to both extensive geometric distortions and watermark-estimation attack (WEA). In view of this fact, our goal of this paper is to propose a robust image watermarking scheme that can withstand geometric distortions and WEA. Our scheme is mainly composed of three components: (i) robust mesh generation and embedding for resisting geometric distortions; (ii) improvement of fidelity using modified Noise Visibility Function (NVF); and (iii) construction of hash-based content-dependent watermark (CDW) for resisting WEA. Experimental results obtained from standard benchmark confirm the robustness of our method.